Steam-turbine.



Patented Sept. 13,1910.

SHEETS-SHEET 1.

H. PETERS.

STEAM TUBBINB.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 4, 1910.

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STEAM TURBINE. ArrLIoATIoH FILED AUG; 4, 1910.

Patented sepa 13, 1910.

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H. PETERS.

STEAM TURBINB.

APrLIoATIoN FILED AUG. 4, 1910.

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H. PETERS. STEAM TURBINE. APPLIUATION rILED AUG. 4. 1910.

Patented Sept. 13,1910.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

HERMANN PETERS, or HAMBURG, GEM-mmf.

STEAM-TURBINE.

specification of Letters raten. Patented Sept. 13,1910.`

Application led August 4, 1910. Serial lo. 575,529.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMANN PETERS, engineer, a subject of the GermanEmperor,

.residing at Mundsburgerdamm 37, Hamburg, Germany, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Steam-Turbines, of which the following isa specilication.

The subject-matter of my invention is a steam turbine which comprisesone single casing and one single rotor' and can work in two directionsof rotation, namely forward and backward.

One illustrative embodiment of my invention is represented by way ofexample in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a verticallongitudinal section through the turbine, Figs. 2, 3 and t aretransverse sect-ions taken in Fig.' 1 on the lines X, Y and Z,respectively, and Fig'. is an end elevation; Fig. 6 isa plan view ot'the rotor after the top part of the casing has been removed, while Figs.7 and 8 are top plan view and side elevation, respectively, showing theclosed turbine.

Referring to the drawings, the rotor is surrounded by av two-part casingor cylinder 2 which rests on a hase plate 1 and is closed at its ends bycovers 3. rl`he latter have inwardly-projecting, annular collars orflanges 4 which inwardly surround portions of the rotor.

The rotor comprises a cylindrical steel tubular casing or cylinder 5carried by suitably shaped members or spiders G keyed ou the turbineshaft 7. The rotor is provided not only on its external periphery, butalso on a portion of its internal periphery with cell-like,blade-shaped, milled cavities or recesses 8 and 9, respectively.4 Thecavities or cells 8 are connected with peculiarly waveshaped channels orducts 10 which are necessary for altering the direction of flow of thesteam and are arranged on the internal periphery of the casing 2 in aplurality of groups, five being shown in the illustrative embodiment.`These channels 10 are cut in thecasing 2 and then partially covered overby inserting dove-tail shaped strips over them, in order thus to givethe. passages the requisite shape. The channels 10 in each of theindividual groups enlarge toward the condenser from the inlet nozzle tothe exhaust in a definite relation which depends on the conditions ofexpansion of the steam.

Each of these individual groups is connected with the steam supply pipe11 and also wlth the exhaust pipe 12. The steam is admitted to theindividual cells 8 of the rotor through radial nozzles 13, expands fivetimes through the channels 10 and finally passes at about half anatmosphere excess pressure above atmospheric from the ex; haust pipes 12into the condenser.

The full steam pressure acting on all the.

blades of the exterior periphery of the rotor causes the turbine to runforward. The opposite, 2'. e. backward rotation of the turbine isbrought about, on the contrary, when the steam acts on the blades on theinner periphery of the rotor, the cell-like blade-shaped cavities orrecesses being cut here in the opposite direction. It is true thatonlyva portion, in practice about twofifths to one half of the internalperiphery is operative, but the turbine runs backward with only acorrespondingly less output which perfectly sutiices for the purposesfor which it is employed.

, As seen in Fig. 4, when the turbine runs backward steam is supplied"through the pipes 14 and exhausts through the pipe 17 exactly as whenrunning forward. Accordingly, radial admission nozzles 15 are providedand also the peculiarly.wave-shaped channels 1G which alter thedirection of flow of the steam and communicate with the cells of therotor. Steam is thus admitted through the pipes 14 and the nozzles 15into the turbine. expands while guided through the wave-shaped channels1G formed into groups until its driving power is completely utilized,and passes at about half an atmosphere excess pressure above atmos)heric through the pipes 17 in-to the same con( enser as when runningforward.

As the steam almost completely gives up its energy to the turbine and isconducted with only very litt-le excess pressure above atmosphericthrough the very wide exhaust pipes 17 into the condenser, the shaft 7does not require any special pressure-proof packing. In general, quiteordinary stalling-box packing perfectly suffices in order perfectly topack the turbine shaft in the casing.

Steamv is admitted either fo the exterior or to the interior peripheryof the rotor for starting the turbine running forward or 'backward asdesired by correspondingly supplying steam through the steam pipe 11 Ior through the steam pipes 14. I claim i 1. In a steam turbine which canrun for' v:ward and backward, the combination, with .-'a' shaft, of onehollow steel cylindrical rotor 'secured' thereon, al cylindrical casingsursaid rotorjand having oneor more internal cylindrical' portionsprojecting into the'rotor`, said rotor having outer, cell-like,

b1adeshaped cavities inpits exterior periph-y ferry 'and`inner,oppositely-'directed cell-like,

blade-shaped cavities in the' one or more' portions of its interiorperiphery oppositethe one or more internal cylindrical portions fO thecasing, said casing having nozzles and wave-sha ed passages for alteringthe diglow of the steam in its internal peripheries arranged inoperative communication with said outer and with saidl inner cavities,and steam supply pipes for'supplyv ing steam to 4said nozzles.v

.-. 12 In a steam turbine which can run for- 'ward andbackward, thecombination, with a shaft, of one hollow steel cylindrical rotor securedthereon, a cylindrical casing surrounding said rotor and having twointernal cylindrical flanges projecting into the ends of the rotor, saidrotor havlng outer, cell-y like blade-shaped cavities in` its exteriorperiphery and inner, oppositely-directed celllike, blade-shapedcavities.v in the portions of its interior periphery opposite saidlanges, said casing having a plurality. of

i nozzles, and a'plura-lity of wave-shaped pas- In witness whereof Ihave hereunto signed my name this 25 day of June 1910, in the presenceof two subscribing witnesses.

HERMANN PETERS. Witnesses:

ERNEST H. L. MUMMENHOFF, 113A CHRIST HAFERMANN.

